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Communist Party of Nepal—Maoist
''Note: Not to be confused with the former Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) from 1996-2009, currently named Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (UCPN-M) from 2009 onwards, nor the new 2014 breakway faction officially deemed CPN (M), led by Bikram Chand''.
The Communist Party of Nepal - Maoist ((ネパール語:नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी - माओवादी), or CPN-M, is a communist party in Nepal. Its official designation has a dash, instead of using parenthesis. It was founded on 19 June 2012 and is currently led by Chairman Mohan Baidya (commonly known as Kiran). The faction was compelled to form a new party as the UCPN-M Chairman Prachanda (Pushpa Kamal Dahal) and Vice-Chairman and Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai deviated from the party line.〔http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/xinhua/2012-06-19/content_6227498.html〕
== Overview ==
The term Communist Party of Nepal - Maoist or abbreviated CPN-M has been used by many independent groups since 1995 and has become a major source of confusion for observers with so much name swapping and where silly syntax matters: dashes, spaces, double dashes, parenthesis can be all that differentiate different parties. Technically, Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (CPN (M)), officially with parenthesis not dashes, was first formed in 1995 following a split in the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre), though use of the dashed abbreviation ''CPN-M'' though syntactically incorrect, had been widespread. A radical faction led by Pushpa Kamal Dahal alias Comrade Prachanda and Baburam Bhattarai set up the CPN (Maoist) and denounced the Communist Party of Nepal-Unified Marxist-Leninists (CPN-UML) and other mainstream communist factions as 'renegades' and 'revisionists' due to their participation in the parliamentary process. It resorted to an armed struggle on February 13, 1996, by attacking police stations in the Rukum and Rolpa districts in northwestern Nepal and thereby declaring a 'People's War' in Nepal.〔http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/nepal/terroristoutfits/index.html〕 CPN (M) took power in Nepal after winning the war and the agreement with the seven Party alliance and ending royal rule and has been a part of the Government in Nepal since then. On January 13, 2009, joint meeting of the central committees of CPN (Maoist) and Communist Party of Nepal-Unity Centre (CPN-Unity Centre) decided to name the new party as Unified CPN-Maoist (UCPN-M). Ironically, Prachanda and Baburam Bhattarai both are now major players and supporters of the parliamentary process, major factors that has won their party removal from US list of terrorist organizations.〔http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2012/09/197411.htm〕
On 19 June 2012, a dissident group around Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (UCPN-M) vice-president Mohan Baidya (alias ''Kiran'') announced the formation of a new party: Communist Party of Nepal - Maoist or Nepal Communist Party (Maoist) or CPN-M. Baidya said the UCPN-M was destroying the achievement of the "People's War" and he announced a vertical split. The party is registered as SN 6 with the Election Commission of Nepal and has as election symbol the "Hammer and Sickle inside a circle". The announcement of the split from the UCPN-M and formation of the new outfit came at the end of the three-day national gathering of the followers in Kathmandu. The dissident party decided to split as they thought it's not fit to be associated with the mother party which is ''filled with opportunists''. Echoing Prachanda's group in its early years, it enforced many a banda, yet unlike its predecessor it capitalized on popular anti-India sentiment and claimed the mother party give away too much sovereignty to India. CPN-M enforced trade stoppage with India confiscated Hindi popular music and movies. It This agitation had continued numerous times until the April 2015 Nepal earthquake interrupted politics with its destruction.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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